Instructions:
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Watch the video carefully and take clear, organized notes while watching.
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Review the concepts covered in the video and then attempt all the given exercises independently.
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If you feel stuck on any question, go back to your notes and re-watch the relevant part of the video before moving on.
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Do not skip difficult questions—use your notes to understand the method or concept step by step.
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Write down any questions or confusions in your notebook so you can ask the lecturer during the next class.
Good morning students. Today we are going to talk about how the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, built a strong and united society in Madinah. When he migrated there, the city was full of divisions — different tribes, different religions, and even old rivalries like the Aws and Khazraj. The Prophet’s mission was not just to spread Islam, but also to bring these groups together as one community. He did this through brotherhood, unity, and important social reforms.
First, let’s talk about brotherhood, also called mu’akhāt. When the Muhajirun — the Muslims who migrated from Makkah — arrived in Madinah, they had lost everything. They had no homes, no money, and no jobs. To help them, the Prophet paired each Muhajir with an Ansar — the Muslims of Madinah. The Ansar opened their homes, shared their food, and even divided their wealth with their new brothers. Imagine if a family moved into your neighborhood after losing their house, and you gave them part of your own home and shared your meals with them every day. That’s how generous the Ansar were. The Prophet also taught that true faith means loving for your brother what you love for yourself. This brotherhood erased tribal and economic differences and made the Muslims one family.
Next, the Prophet worked on unity of the ummah. Before Islam, Arabia was divided by constant wars and tribal pride. The Prophet reminded people that all humans are equal — Arab or non-Arab, rich or poor, black or white — the only thing that makes someone better is their piety and good actions. In his Farewell Sermon, he made this very clear. He also warned against envy, hatred, and divisions. By teaching this, he replaced tribal arrogance with the idea that everyone is part of one ummah, one community under Allah.
Finally, the Prophet introduced social reforms to make society just and fair. He encouraged charity so the poor and needy would be cared for. He condemned female infanticide and raised the status of women. He taught that slaves should be treated kindly, even like brothers. And he showed that justice applies to everyone — no one is above the law. Once, when a noblewoman committed theft, people wanted to excuse her. The Prophet said, “Even if my own daughter Fatimah were to steal, I would punish her.” This shows how strongly he emphasized fairness.
The Prophet also built bonds through simple acts of kindness — like visiting the sick, attending funerals, and helping neighbors. He described the Muslim community like a body: if one part hurts, the whole body feels the pain. This image beautifully explains how he made the community care for each other like one family.
So, to summarize: in Madinah, the Prophet, peace be upon him, created brotherhood between the Muhajirun and Ansar, united everyone under the idea of one ummah, and introduced social reforms to bring justice and compassion. These steps turned a divided society into a strong, caring community. And the lessons are still relevant today — that unity, fairness, and kindness are the foundation of a successful society.
