Instructions:
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Watch the video carefully and take clear, organized notes while watching.
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Review the concepts covered in the video and then attempt all the given exercises independently.
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If you feel stuck on any question, go back to your notes and re-watch the relevant part of the video before moving on.
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Do not skip difficult questions—use your notes to understand the method or concept step by step.
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Write down any questions or confusions in your notebook so you can ask the lecturer during the next class.
Good morning students. Today we are going to talk about the Establishment of the Muslim Community in Madinah. This was one of the most important phases in Islamic history, because it was the time when Islam moved from being a persecuted religion in Makkah to becoming a strong, organized society in Madinah. Let’s go through the main points together.
First, the Hijrah, or migration from Makkah to Madinah, was a huge turning point. In Makkah, Muslims faced torture and could not practice their religion freely. But when they moved to Madinah, they could finally live as a community, worship openly, and even form a proper society. That’s why the Islamic calendar actually starts from the Hijrah — it marks the true beginning of the Muslim Ummah, or community.
One of the first things the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, did after arriving in Madinah was to build the mosque. The mosque was not just a place to pray — it was also the school, the court, the meeting place, and the community center. It showed that Islam was not only about worship but also about running daily life in a fair and organized way. Think of it like our school — it’s not just classrooms, it’s also a place where we learn, meet, and build friendships. That’s what the mosque meant for early Muslims.
Next came the Constitution of Madinah. This was a written agreement between Muslims, Jews, and other groups in the city. It said that everyone had religious freedom but they must work together to defend the city. This was one of the first examples of a formal constitution in history! It showed that the Prophet was not only a religious leader but also a wise political leader who could bring different groups together in peace.
Another important step was the Brotherhood between the Muhajirun and Ansar. The Muhajirun were the Muslims who migrated from Makkah. They left everything behind — their homes, money, and businesses. The Ansar, who were the Muslims of Madinah, welcomed them like family. They shared their houses, food, and even their businesses with them. Imagine moving to a new city with nothing and a family you don’t know shares everything with you — that’s the level of generosity and care the Ansar showed.
The Prophet also introduced social and economic reforms. He banned unfair practices like interest and cheating in trade. He made zakat — giving a portion of wealth to the poor — compulsory, so that no one would be left hungry or helpless. The Qur’an taught that wealth should not only stay in the hands of the rich but should circulate fairly. This made Madinah a society based on justice and care for all people.
At the same time, the Muslims had to ensure defense and security. The Quraysh and other tribes still wanted to attack them, so the Prophet organized the community for collective defense. But he also tried for peace whenever possible, showing that Islam values peace but also teaches us to stand firm when threatened.
Most importantly, Madinah was also a place of spiritual and moral growth. The Prophet guided people to strengthen their prayer, fasting, and good character. He reminded them that the best believers are those with the best manners — kind, just, and caring. This showed that building a strong society is not only about laws and defense, but also about building good people.
So, to quickly summarize: The Hijrah was the turning point for Muslims. In Madinah, the Prophet built the mosque, introduced the Constitution, created brotherhood between Muhajirun and Ansar, made reforms for justice and fairness, organized defense, and focused on moral and spiritual growth. All of this transformed Islam into a complete way of life — not just personal worship, but a system for the whole community.
