Instructions:
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Watch the video carefully and take clear, organized notes while watching.
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Review the concepts covered in the video and then attempt all the given exercises independently.
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If you feel stuck on any question, go back to your notes and re-watch the relevant part of the video before moving on.
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Do not skip difficult questions—use your notes to understand the method or concept step by step.
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Write down any questions or confusions in your notebook so you can ask the lecturer during the next class.
Good morning students. Today, we’re going to talk about two very important events in the life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him): the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah and the Conquest of Makkah. These events show us how patience, wisdom, and mercy can achieve far more than anger or revenge.
Let’s begin with the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. In the 6th year after Hijrah, the Prophet and about 1,400 Muslims set out from Madinah to perform Umrah. They weren’t going to fight; they only carried simple swords for protection. But when they reached a place called Hudaybiyyah, the Quraysh refused to let them enter Makkah. After long talks, a treaty was signed. On the surface, the terms seemed unfair to the Muslims. For example, they had to return to Madinah without performing Umrah that year, and if someone from Makkah ran away to Madinah without permission, they had to be sent back. Many companions felt disappointed, but the Prophet (pbuh) accepted the treaty because he knew peace would bring greater benefits in the long run. And that’s exactly what happened—during the truce, more people accepted Islam than in the previous 19 years. The lesson here is that sometimes what looks like a loss is actually a big win in the long term.
Now let’s move on to the Conquest of Makkah. Two years later, the Quraysh broke the treaty by attacking a tribe allied with the Muslims. The Prophet now had the right to respond. He marched with 10,000 Muslims towards Makkah. Imagine the sight—a massive disciplined army entering the city. But here’s the amazing part: instead of taking revenge for years of persecution, the Prophet entered Makkah with his head bowed in humility. He declared general forgiveness, even for his fiercest enemies. The Ka‘bah was cleansed of idols, and he recited the verse: “Truth has come, and falsehood has vanished.” Instead of punishing people, he said to them, “Go, you are free.” This mercy touched their hearts, and many Makkans accepted Islam.
So, what do these two events teach us? Hudaybiyyah teaches us patience, wisdom, and looking at the bigger picture. The Conquest of Makkah teaches us mercy, forgiveness, and humility even when you are powerful. Together, they show us that Islam spread not through revenge, but through peace, justice, and compassion.
To quickly summarize: Hudaybiyyah seemed like a setback but turned into a victory through peace, and the Conquest of Makkah showed that true strength lies in forgiveness, not revenge.
